Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
A. Arinkoola; T. Salawudeen; K. Salam; M. Jimoh; Z. Atitebi; G. Abidemi
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March 2019, , Pages 39-53
Abstract
Research has shown that many Bentonite in Nigeria are unsuitable for oil well drilling in their natural states. Their modification and blends with some additives could increase the yield and boost their suitability. Many indigenous polymers have become very popular due to environmental friendliness and ...
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Research has shown that many Bentonite in Nigeria are unsuitable for oil well drilling in their natural states. Their modification and blends with some additives could increase the yield and boost their suitability. Many indigenous polymers have become very popular due to environmental friendliness and their ability to modify rheology of clay suspension. However, the common natural polymers are characterized with excessive fluid loss, low gel strength at typical reservoir conditions. The aim of this study is therefore to examine the influence of selected polymers on the physicochemical and rheological properties of Nigerian clay-water suspension. Mud samples were prepared with polymers according to mud formulations currently used in the wells drilling with properties varied and optimized in a Reduced Central Composite Design (RCCD). The physico-chemical (pH, mud weight), rheological (plastic viscosity, yield point) and fluid loss were measured out on the studied muds. The results show that, the rheological characteristics of studied muds (PV (19.4 ± 1.50 cp) and Yp (21.5 ± 0.79 lbf/100ft2), the Fluid loss (10.12 ± 0.45 ml/30 minutes/100 psi) and 10 min and sec Gel value (4.6 ± 0.05 and 5.1 ± 0.01 lb/100ft2) were clearly improved. However, the mud weight values recorded (8.6 – 8.9 lb) though satisfied the minimum 8.6 lb/gal ceiling value but was due to the local barite that this study evaluated. The barite is characterized with low specific gravity and we recommend its modification prior to use to avoid high sand content.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
A. Mohammadi Doust; M. Rahimi; M. Feyzi
Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 3-19
Abstract
In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was applied for investigation of the effects of ultrasonic waves, temperature and solvent concentration on viscosity reduction of residue fuel oil (RFO). Ultrasonic irradiation was employed at low frequency of 24 ...
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In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was applied for investigation of the effects of ultrasonic waves, temperature and solvent concentration on viscosity reduction of residue fuel oil (RFO). Ultrasonic irradiation was employed at low frequency of 24 kHz and power of 280 W. The results showed that the combination of ultrasonic waves and solvent injection caused to further reduce of viscosity. To obtain optimum conditions and significant parameters, the results were analyzed by CCD method. In this method, maximum viscosity reduction (133 cSt) was attained in ultrasonic irradiation for 5 min, temperature of 50 °C and acetonitrile volumetric concentration of 5 % by means of experimental and three dimensional response surface plots. The kinematic viscosity decreased from 494 cSt to 133 cSt at the optimum conditions. In addition, a multiple variables model was developed by RSM which the second-order effect of ultrasonic irradiation time was significant on viscosity reduction of FRO. Finally, a comparison between the RSM with artificial neural network (ANN) was applied. The results demonstrated that both models, , were powerful to predict of kinematic viscosity of RFO. The results demonstrated that both models, RSM and ANN, with R2 more than 0.99 were powerful to predict kinematic viscosity of RFO.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
M. Nikpour; M. Pazouki
Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 32-46
Abstract
In this essay, lipase from Burkholderia cepacia was immobilized into 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) derived sol-gels. GPTMS:TMOS molar ratio of 1:3 was found to yield the best result. The morphological characteristics were investigated based on SEM and BET analysis. ...
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In this essay, lipase from Burkholderia cepacia was immobilized into 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) derived sol-gels. GPTMS:TMOS molar ratio of 1:3 was found to yield the best result. The morphological characteristics were investigated based on SEM and BET analysis. Sample mean pore diameter was 39.1 nm, it had a specific surface area of 60 m2/g prior to enzyme addition which decreased to 7.49 m2/g after immobilization. The enzyme activity was assessed through transesterification of waste cooking oil in the presence of ethanol with optimal conditions of: 40 ᵒC, 15 % immobilized lipase, 9:1 alcohol to oil molar ratio in 24 h of reaction which resulted to 91.70 % biodiesel production. In six-hour reaction time, 86.87 % biodiesel was obtained which is much shorter than conventional enzymatic transesterification which is 72 hours. Ethyl esters were characterized by determining their viscosity, density, and flash point based on ASTM D 6751-07b standards.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
F. S. Shariatmadar; Sh. Ghanbari Pakdehi; M. A. Zarei
Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 84-97
Abstract
Examination of the available ignition delay time data and correlations in the case of methane, butane, heptane, decane, kerosene, Jet-A and ethylene fuels, allowed the derivation and recommendation of standard equations for this property. In this study, a new accurate substance dependent equation for ...
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Examination of the available ignition delay time data and correlations in the case of methane, butane, heptane, decane, kerosene, Jet-A and ethylene fuels, allowed the derivation and recommendation of standard equations for this property. In this study, a new accurate substance dependent equation for ignition delay time as a function of pressure, number of carbon atoms, mixture equivalence ratio, fuel mole fraction and temperature has been developed to estimate ignition delay time of some hydrocarbon fuels. With the presented model, ignition delay time has been calculated and compared with the data reported in literature. The accuracy of the obtained model has been compared to the mostly used predictive models and the comparison indicated that the proposed correlation provides more accurate results than other models used in the previous works.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
M. Basiri; M. Rahimi; F. Mohammadi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , July 2015, , Pages 32-40
Abstract
"> In the present study, transesterification of soybean oil to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) was carried out in the microreactor. The system performance was investigated in the presence of hexane as a cosolvent. Furthermore, the effect of number of micromixer’s inlets on the mixing was one ...
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"> In the present study, transesterification of soybean oil to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) was carried out in the microreactor. The system performance was investigated in the presence of hexane as a cosolvent. Furthermore, the effect of number of micromixer’s inlets on the mixing was one of the objectives in this work. For the goals mentioned above, three different experiments were done with and without cosolvent in two and three inlet micromixers under optimum conditions. Both flow pattern observations and Gas Chromatgoraphy (GC) characterization of FAME samples demonstrated that cosolvent technique and micromixer application could significantly influence the FAME yield in biodiesel production.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
D. C. Panadare; V. K. Rathod*
Volume 12, Issue 3 , July 2015, , Pages 55-76
Abstract
Waste cooking oil (WCO) is being generated large scale all over the world; hence it has devised serious problems of its waste management. Organised collection of WCO in voluminous quantity is mainly used for the production of biodiesel. Most researchers focus primarily on the biodiesel generation from ...
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Waste cooking oil (WCO) is being generated large scale all over the world; hence it has devised serious problems of its waste management. Organised collection of WCO in voluminous quantity is mainly used for the production of biodiesel. Most researchers focus primarily on the biodiesel generation from WCO, although other applications are also important and require attention. Objective of this review article is to highlight most of the aforementioned possible applications of WCO which may help in its utilization apart from biodiesel. It can be processed to obtain pyrolytic oil, hydrogen gas, biodiesel or electricity production by direct burning. Applications like combined heat and power generation (CHP) can utilize WCO with utmost efficiently. It can also be processed chemically to obtained biodegradable polyurethane sheets, greases, biolubricants, soaps and alkyd resins. Properly purified and sterilized WCO can be used as a carbon source in fermentation processes for the production of rhamnolipid biosurfactant and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Waste cooking oil therefore can be considered as a potential waste which can be utilized as energy source and raw material for chemical or biological processes.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
P. Shahsavarzadeh-Jangi; S. A. Shojaosadati; S. Hashemi-Najafabadi; S. M. Mousavi
Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2015, , Pages 3-12
Abstract
orption ofcontaminants in soil and sequestration in soil particles is a process, the mechanisms of which are not well understood as yet. The aim of this study was to investigate sequestration and bioavailability of crude oil as a contaminant in three different soils. For this purpose, three different ...
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orption ofcontaminants in soil and sequestration in soil particles is a process, the mechanisms of which are not well understood as yet. The aim of this study was to investigate sequestration and bioavailability of crude oil as a contaminant in three different soils. For this purpose, three different soil samples with different textures (loamy sand, loam, and clay loam) but with the same organic carbon were collected. After sterilization, the soils were spiked with crude oil. Each soil sample was contaminated as aged and fresh, and inoculated with a consortium ofthree bacterial isolates. Respiration was analyzed on days 0, 30, 60, and 90 after inoculation. Bacterial population was also assessed at the beginning and at the end ofthe bioremediation and residual contaminant at the end ofthe bioremediation process. The results showed that in soils with the same organic carbon, texture is an important parameter in aging and sequestration of the contaminant. In addition, it was observed that the best degradation was accomplished in the loam soil, due to more bioavailability as compared to the clay loam soil and less inhibitory effect of the contaminant on microbial growth, resulting from lower bioavailability, as compared to the loamy sand soil.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 9, Issue 3 , July 2012, , Pages 63-74
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January 2012, , Pages 40-49
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 8, Issue 3 , July 2011, , Pages 3-15
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2011, , Pages 3-14
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2011, , Pages 56-65
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2010, , Pages 29-41
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2010, , Pages 50-63
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2010, , Pages 3-16
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 7, Issue 1 , January 2010, , Pages 3-12
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 7, Issue 1 , January 2010, , Pages 42-66
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2009, , Pages 37-49
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2009, , Pages 66-73
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2008, , Pages 3-11
Abstract
Implicit pressure-explicit saturation method (IMPES) is widely used in oil reservoir simulation to study the multiphase flow in porous media. This method has no complexity compared to the fully implicit method, although both of them are based on the finite difference technique. Water coning is one the ...
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Implicit pressure-explicit saturation method (IMPES) is widely used in oil reservoir simulation to study the multiphase flow in porous media. This method has no complexity compared to the fully implicit method, although both of them are based on the finite difference technique. Water coning is one the most important phenomenon that affects the oil production from oil reservoirs having a water drive source. Since the water coning affects final oil recovery, identification of this phenomenon is very important. In order to study this phenomenon, one should determine the critical production rate, the breakthrough time and watercut percentage. The scale of the problem hinders the numerical simulations, IMPES included, for a long running time. A corrected IMPES method is used here to overcome the long running time problem by choosing larger the time step for the coning problem. A water-oil phase flow system in the cylindrical coordinate that is commonly used to simulate water coning phenomenon is solved by the corrected IMPES method. The validity of the model is checked against Aziz and Settari’s model, which is based on a complicated fully implicit method. The effects of the production rate and the thickness of the oil zone on the breakthrough time have been investigated. The results were found to be in good agreement with the results of previous studies.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 2 , April 2008, , Pages 23-33
Abstract
Precipitation ofsolid paraffins is one ofthe most common problems in the oil industry, imposing high operating costs. There have been a great many efforts for the prediction of solid paraffins precipitation up to now. Most of them were based on activity coefficient models accounting to solid phase non-ideality ...
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Precipitation ofsolid paraffins is one ofthe most common problems in the oil industry, imposing high operating costs. There have been a great many efforts for the prediction of solid paraffins precipitation up to now. Most of them were based on activity coefficient models accounting to solid phase non-ideality or the multi-solid model to calculate the number ofprecipitated solid phases. In this work, solid phase behavior is predicted by a solid equation of state. At first, by using the thermodynamic method (subcoled liquid) for pure solid phase fugacity from pure liquid fugacity, the solid EOS parameters are tuned. The tuned solid EOS can then be directly applied for the prediction of the amount of precipitated solid paraffins (waxes) in the oil samples. The proposed equations system in this work is solved by a proper mathematical method. The obtained results of wax precipitation in this work are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2008, , Pages 3-12
Abstract
The influence of different factors on the asphaltene stability in three iranian crude oils was evaluated. Compositional studies and structural characterization of resins and asphaltenes were carried out in order to study a possible relationship between these properties and asphaltene deposition behavior. ...
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The influence of different factors on the asphaltene stability in three iranian crude oils was evaluated. Compositional studies and structural characterization of resins and asphaltenes were carried out in order to study a possible relationship between these properties and asphaltene deposition behavior. Low hydrogen to carbon ratios and high aromaticities were the main characteristics of the asphaltenes from more unstable crude oils. According to these results, the stability behavior of asphaltenes was influenced strongly by their structural characteristics. Colloidal stability indexes such as the (aromatic+resins)/(asphaltene+saturates) ratio and (aromatics+resins)/ asphaltene ratio do not play a key role in the asphaltene stability for the studied crude oils.
Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2006, , Pages 29-39