Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering (IJChE)

Abstract Different methods of urban sewage sludge energy recovery such as burning, gasification, pyrolysis and digestion based on the net energy production efficiency, advantages and disadvantages and complexity of these processes have been investigated in this article. The best method for energy production from sludge was selected among different methods according to energy and the amount of the greenhouse gas production. The capacity of the constructed power plant was calculated and investigated economically for each scenario. Quantitative and qualitative information on sludge was required to carry out this research so Ekbatan wastewater treatment sludge was analyzed. The results showed that the sludge of this treatment plant has 5.7% solids, containing 65.7% volatiles and the dry heat value is about 15100 kJ/kg. It was found that the best scenario for sludge energy production in this treatment plant is a digestion process with pure net energy production of 73.2 × 107 kJ/d. The energy recovery in an anaerobic digester can prevent the emission of 16,680 tons of CO2 annually and release about 1,460 tons of CO2 per year. The chemical analysis shows that the selected sludge has a potential production of 25m3 of CH4 for each m3 of sludge. The annual amount of biogas that can be recovered from municipal treatment plant is 836543 m3. On the other hand, the biogas can be used to generate electricity. The power of the plant is about 216.8 kW that with the construction of this power plant, an annual saving of 1.5 million dollars will occur.

Abstract The catalytic reduction of barite in the presence of sodium carbonate has been investigated to evaluate the effect of catalyst amount on reaction mechanism. Different amounts of sodium carbonate ranging from 2.5-10.0 wt.% were doped on coke and the test samples containing stoichiometric mixes of barite and coke powders were isothermally heated in air atmosphere. The catalytic effect of sodium carbonate was studied by isothermal experiments performed at different temperatures and reduction times. The conversion–time data were analyzed by using a modified kinetic model and the influence of catalyst content on kinetic parameters was evaluated. The results show that the addition of 7.5 wt.% sodium carbonate significantly decreases activation energy. Finally, the article concludes that catalyst amount has a negligible role on gasification of coke if the reduction process is carried out at high temperature close to 1100°C. The obtained results can be useful in industrial practice.