Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering (IJChE)
Scientific Journal

Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation

Document Type : Regular Article

Authors

Hayede Nafasi 1
Azadeh Hemmati 2
Fatemeh Aghamohammadi 3
Ali Afrous 4

1 Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum, and Gas Engineering. Semnan University

2 chemical and Petroleum engineering department, Semnan University

3 Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Water Engineering, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijche.2024.425137.1505
Abstract
Constructed wetlands have been increasingly used as an effective method for removing heavy metals from wastewater. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of sawdust and Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetlands cultivated with Phragmites Australis to remove Pb and Co from oily wastewater. To this end, nine barrels were used to construct the wetlands, which were filled with coarse gravel, polluted soil, and varying percentages of sawdust (0%, 20%, and 40%). Phragmites Australis cuttings were then cultured inside the barrels and irrigated with heavy metal-contaminated oily wastewater for three different hydraulic retention times (5, 10, and 15 days). After the vegetation period, plant, soil, and wastewater samples were collected and analyzed for Co and Pb concentrations, from which transfer factor (TF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and removal efficiency (%) were derived. Results showed that while both Pb and Co removal efficiencies were affected by HRT and sawdust, the removal efficiency of Pb (36.66%) was higher than that of Co (30.83%). TF was less than one and was not affected by HRT and sawdust, but the effect of HRT and sawdust on increasing BCF was significant. However, Phragmites Australis demonstrated suboptimal performance in the uptake and transfer of metals from the root to stem.

Keywords

Constructed wetlands
HRT
Oily wastewater
Phytoremediation
Phragmites Australis
Sawdust

Subjects

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Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering (IJChE)
Volume 21, Issue 1
Winter 2024
Pages 66-80

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