Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering (IJChE)
Scientific Journal

Degradation of Acetic Acid to decrease COD by Photocatalytic Process in Wastewater: TiO2 catalyst with UV Process

Document Type : Regular Article

Authors

Mohammad Shareei 1
Reza Mosayebi Behbahani 2
Fatemeh Rashedi 3

1 Gas Engineering Department, Ahvaz Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Petroleum University of Technology (PUT), Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Gas Engineering, Petroleum University of Technology (PUT), Ahvaz, Iran

3 Department of Chemistry, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijche.2024.487864.1548
Abstract
This study was conducted to decrease the concentration of acetic acid in wastewater of acetic acid plants through the photocatalytic oxidation method. This process employed commercial Titanium dioxide powder (TiO2) as a photocatalyst, utilizing a UV lamp as the light source within a batch reactor system for advanced oxidation. Various experimental parameters were modified, including the concentration of acetic acid, the amount of catalyst, the volume of waste, temperature, and reaction time. The residual acid concentration and COD values were recorded as results of the process. The percentage of acetic acid remaining in the solution was determined by using a gas chromatography (G.C) device. Experiments were conducted with different volumes, from 200 ml to 35 ml, and utilized varying amounts of photocatalyst: 0.01 g, 0.005 g, 0.0025 g, and 0.001 g. Additionally, the experiments were carried out over two-time intervals of 2 hours and 5 hours. The wastewater concentration contained 3% by mass of acetic acid, and the average COD value was 13300. After experiments, it was found that the optimal conditions for removing acetic acid were a volume of 35 ml and 0.0025 g of catalyst used for 2 hours. In this condition, the percentage of acetic acid decreased from 3% to 0.2%, which is a 93% decrease, and the COD decreased from 13,300 to 2,800, which is a 79% decrease.

Keywords

Acetic acid
Photocatalyst
UV irradiation
TiO2
Photoreactor

Subjects

  1. Chung K.H., Park H., Jeon K.-J., Park Y.K., Jung S.C., "Irradiation of liquid phase plasma on photocatalytic decomposition of acetic acid-containing wastewater over metal oxide photocatalysts," Catal. Today, 131–139 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2017.04.039.
  2. Sirivallop A., Areerob T., Chiarakorn S., "Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of N- and Ag-doped and co-doped TiO2 synthesized by using an in-situ solvothermal method for gas phase ammonia removal," Catalysts, 10(2):251 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10020251.
  3. Hashimoto K., Irie H., Fujishima A., "TiO2 photocatalysis: a historical overview and future," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 44(12R):8269 (2005).
  4. Mozia S., Heciak A., Darowna D., Morawsk A.W., "A novel suspended/supported photoreactor design for photocatalytic decomposition of acetic acid with simultaneous production of useful hydrocarbons," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 236:48–53 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.03.017.
  5. Nishijima K., et al., "Incident light dependence for photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde and acetic acid on S-doped and N-doped TiO2 photocatalysts," Chem. Phys., 339(1–3):64–72 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.06.014.
  6. Tezuka K., Kogure M., Sha Y.J., "Photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid on spinel ferrites MFe2O4 (M = Mg, Zn, and Cd)," Catal. Commun., 48:11–14 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2014.01.016.
  7. Pelaez M., et al., "A review on the visible light active titanium dioxide photocatalysts for environmental applications," Appl. Catal. B Environ., 125:331–349 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.05.036.
  8. Samskruthi K.P., Ananda S., Alnagga G., "Electrochemical synthesis of ZnS/In2S3 nanocomposite for photocatalytic oxidation of acetic acid and its substituents, efficiency compared with ZnS, In2S3, and TiO2," Chem. Data Collect., 33:100682 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdc.2021.100682.
  9. Ngo S., Betts L.M., Dappozze F., Ponczek M., George C., Guillard C., "Kinetics and mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid in absence or presence of O2," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 339:80–88 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.02.019.
  10. Ding, D. S. Muggli and L.Ding, "Photocatalytic performance of sulfated TiO2 and Degussa P-25 TiO2 during oxidation of organics," Appl. Catal. B Environ., vol. vol. 32, no. no. 3, p. pp. 181–194, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-3373(01)00137-0.
  11. Lev A.D., Modestov O., "Photocatalytic oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with titania photocatalyst. Comparison of supported and suspended TiO2," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 112(2–3):261–270 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(97)00269-4.
  12. Ajmera A.A., Sawant S.B., Pangarkar V.G., Beenackers A.A.C.M., "Solar-Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Benzoic Acid Using Titanium Dioxide as a Photocatalyst," Chem. Eng. Technol., 25(2):173–180 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4125(200202)25:2<173::AID-CEAT173>3.0.CO;2-C.
  13. Chhor K., Bocquet J.F., Colbeau-Justin C., "Comparative studies of phenol and salicylic acid photocatalytic degradation: influence of adsorbed oxygen," Mater. Chem. Phys., 86(1):123–131 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.02.023.
  14. Serpone N., Martin J., Horikoshi S., Hidaka H., "Photocatalyzed oxidation and mineralization of C1–C5 linear aliphatic acids in UV-irradiated aqueous titania dispersions—kinetics, identification of intermediates and quantum yields," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 169(3):235–251 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.07.001.
  15. Ibhadon A.O., Fitzpatrick P., "Heterogeneous photocatalysis: recent advances and applications," Catalysts, 3(1):189–218 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3390/catal3010189.
  16. Hunte A., Mills A., Le S., "An overview of semiconductor photocatalysis," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 108(1):1–35 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(97)00118-4.
  17. Anandan S., Ikuma Y., Niwa K., "An overview of semiconductor photocatalysis: modification of TiO2 nanomaterials," Solid State Phenom., 162:239–260 (2010). https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.162.239.
  18. Ding C., et al., "Magnetically separable functionalized TiO2 nanotubes: Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalysis," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 356:123–131 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.12.031.
  19. Heciak A., Morawski A.W., Grzmil B., Mozia S., "Cu-modified TiO2 photocatalysts for decomposition of acetic acid with simultaneous formation of C1–C3 hydrocarbons and hydrogen," Appl. Catal. B Environ., 140:108–114 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.03.044.
  20. Tripathi M., Gupta S.M., "An overview of commonly used semiconductor nanoparticles in photocatalysis," High Energy Chem., 46(1):1–9 (2012).
  21. Amorós-Pérez A., Cano-Casanova L., Castillo-Deltell A., Lillo-Ródenas M.Á., Román-Martínez M.d.C., "TiO2 Modification with transition metallic species (Cr, Co, Ni, and Cu) for photocatalytic abatement of acetic acid in liquid phase and propene in gas phase," Materials (Basel), 12(1):40 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12010040.
  22. Maaza S., Azizi S., Sarkhosh M., Kamika I., Mokrani T., Malik, "Trimipramine Photo-Degradation in the Photo-Catalyst Baffled Reactor’s UV/Sulfite/ZnO Redox Reaction System," Arab. J. Sci. Eng., (2023).
  23. Mou H., Song C., Zhou Y., Zhang B., Wang D., "Design and synthesis of porous Ag/ZnO nanosheets assemblies as super photocatalysts for enhanced visible-light degradation of 4-nitrophenol and hydrogen evolution," Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 221:565–573 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.09.061.
  24. Ngo S., Betts L.M., Dappozze F., Guillard C., "Photocatalytic selectivities of ethane, methane and Dimethylether controlled by reaction conditions and TiO2 structure in the degradation of acetic acid," ChemistrySelect, 3(45):12773–12781 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201802700.
  25. Kamble S.P., Sawant S.B., Pangarkar V.G., "Photocatalytic mineralization of phenoxyacetic acid using concentrated solar radiation and titanium dioxide in slurry photoreactor," Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 84(5A):355–362 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1205/cherd05011.
  26. Gandhi V., Mishra M., Josh P.A., "Titanium dioxide catalyzed photocatalytic degradation of carboxylic acids from waste water: A review," Mater. Sci. Forum, 712:175–189 (2012). https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.712.175.
  27. Assabane A., Ichou Y.A., Tahiri H., Guillard C., Herrmann J.-M., "Photocatalytic degradation of polycarboxylic benzoic acids in UV-irradiated aqueous suspensions of titania," Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 24(2):71–87 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-3373(99)00094-6.
  28. Jaleh B., Shayegani M., Tabrizi M.F., Habibi S., Golbedaghi R., Keymanesh M.R., "UV-Degradation Effect on Optical and Surface Properties of Polystyrene-TiO2 Nanocomposite Film," J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 8(Suppl):S161–S168 (2011).
  29. Zan L., Tian L., Liu Z., Peng Z., "A new polystyrene–TiO2 nanocomposite film and its photocatalytic degradation," Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 264(2):237–242 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2003.12.046.
  30. Kumar A., Pande G., "Photocatalytic activity of Co: TiO2 nanocomposites and their application in photodegradation of acetic acid," Chem. Sci., 6(3):385–392 (2017). https://doi.org/10.7598/cst2017.1378.
  31. Danion A., Disdier J., Guillard C., Jaffrezic-Renault N., "Malic acid photocatalytic degradation using a TiO2-coated optical fiber reactor," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem., 190(1):135–140 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.03.022.
  32. Samage A., Gupta P., Halakarni M.A., Nataraj S.K., Sinhamahapatra A., "Progress in the Photoreforming of Carboxylic Acids for Hydrogen Production," Photochem., 2(3):580–608 (2022).
  33. Sinha A., Chakrabarti S., Chaudhuri B., Bhattacharjee S., Ray P., Roy S.B., "Oxidative degradation of strong acetic acid liquor in wastewater emanating from hazardous industries," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 46(10):3101–3107 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie0606136.
  34. Backes M.J., Lukaski A.C., Muggli D.S., "Active sites and effects of H2O and temperature on the photocatalytic oxidation of 13C-acetic acid on TiO2," Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 61(1–2):21–35 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2005.03.012.
  35. Gazsi A., "Photocatalytic decomposition of formic acid and methyl formate on TiO2 doped with N and promoted with Au. Production of H2," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38(19):7756–7766 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.04.097.
Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering (IJChE)
Volume 21, Issue 4
Autumn 2024
Pages 37-47

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us